How to Prevent Drug Addiction Problems in the Workplace Free Essay Example, 1500 words

It is interesting that people prefer cocaine because it does not limit a person s intellectual and cognitive abilities (Potter Orfali, 1998). According to the National Institute on Alcohol and Alcoholism, every single time at least 15% of the American workforce is under the influence of alcohol while at work. Workplace alcohol abuse is observed to be greater in men than women, unmarried employees than married ones, younger employees than their older counterparts and in those employees working irregular and night shifts (Chapman, 2007). The use of drugs impairs employees decision-making abilities, compromises their physical abilities and prevents them from exercising sound judgment (Coalition against drug abuse, 2014). This has fatal consequences when at the workplace especially in the presence of tools, heavy materials, and construction work. It is evident that between 10%-20% of workers who die in the workplace have been proved to use either drugs or alcohol (Coalition against dru g abuse, 2014). Although it is expected that employees in the most dangerous occupations such as mining and construction would exercise the most caution, a study by OSHA indicates otherwise. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Prevent Drug Addiction Problems in the Workplace or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page They exhibit a tendency to miss work, often calling in sick or with a number of excuses. Employees with alcohol problem record higher absent levels than other employees (Potter Orfali, 1998).

Coexistence of Private and Public Sectors - 1989 Words

New Economic PolicyFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search For the Malaysian New Economic Policy, see Malaysian New Economic Policy. Soviet Union This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the Soviet Union -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Government[show]ConstitutionGovernment MinistriesState CommitteesExecutive OfficerCouncil of People s CommissarsCouncil of MinistersCabinet of MinistersState CouncilPresidential Council Communist Party[show]Communist Party CongressHistoryGeneral Secretary PolitburoCentral CommitteeSecretariatOrgburo Leadership[show]LeadersPremiers CabinetsPresident (List) Vice PresidentCollective leadership†¦show more content†¦The NEP was primarily a new agricultural policy.[6] The Bolsheviks viewed traditional village life as conservative and backward. The old way of village life was reminiscent of the Tsarist Russia that had supposedly been thrown out with the October Revolution. With the NEP, which sought to repudiate the â€Å"old ways,† methods were put in place which promoted the pursuit by peasants of their self-interests. However, the state only allowed private landholdings because the idea of collectivized farming had met with much opposition.[7] [edit] Disagreements in leadershipLenin considered the NEP as a strategic retreat.[8] However, he justified the NEP by insisting that it was a different type of capitalism. He insisted that this form of â€Å"state capitalism† was the last stage of capitalism before socialism evolved.[9] Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin disagreed over how to develop the Soviet Economy after the World War and the Civil War. Trotsky, supported by left-wing members of the Communist Party, believed that socialism in Russia would only survive if the state controlled the allocation of all output. 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The Return Midnight Chapter 7 Free Essays

string(74) " this created a pungent lotion, which he had gingerly applied to himself\." Bonnie was in her new first-floor bedroom, and was feeling very bewildered. Black Magic always made her feel giggly, and then very sleepy, but somehow tonight her body refused to sleep. Her head hurt. We will write a custom essay sample on The Return: Midnight Chapter 7 or any similar topic only for you Order Now She was just about to turn the bedside light on, when a familiar voice said, â€Å"How about some tea for your headache?† â€Å"Damon?† â€Å"I made some from Mrs. Flowers’s herbs and I decided to make you a cup as wel . Aren’t you the lucky girl?†If Bonnie had been listening closely, she might have heard something almost like self-loathing behind the light words – but she wasn’t. â€Å"Yes!†Bonnie said, meaning it. Most of Mrs. Flowers’s teas smel ed and tasted good. This one was especial y nice, but grainy on her tongue. And not only was the tea good, but Damon stayed to talk to her while she drank it al . That was sweet of him. Strangely, this tea made her feel not exactly sleepy, but as if she could only concentrate on one thing at a time. Damon swam into her field of view. â€Å"Feeling more relaxed?†he asked. â€Å"Yes, thank you.†Weirder and weirder. Even her voice sounded slow and dragging. â€Å"I wanted to make sure nobody was too hard on you for the sil y mistake about Elena,†he explained. â€Å"They weren’t, real y,†she said. â€Å"Actual y everybody was more interested in seeing you and Matt fight – â€Å"Bonnie put a hand over her mouth. â€Å"Oh, no! I didn’t mean to say that! I’m so sorry!† â€Å"It’s al right. It should heal by tomorrow.† Bonnie couldn’t imagine why anyone would be so afraid of Damon, who was so nice as to pick up her mug of tea and say he’d put it in the sink. That was good because she was feeling as if she couldn’t get up to save her life. That cozy. That comfy. â€Å"Bonnie, can I ask you just one little thing?†Damon paused. â€Å"I can’t tel you why, but†¦I have to find out where Misao’s star bal is kept,†he said earnestly. â€Å"Oh†¦that,†Bonnie said fuzzily. She giggled. â€Å"Yes, that. And I am truly sorry to ask you, because you’re so very young and innocent†¦but I know you’l tel me the truth.† After this praise and comfort, Bonnie felt she could fly. â€Å"It’s been in the same place al the time,†she said with sleepy disgust. â€Å"They tried to make me think they’d moved it†¦but when I saw him chained and going down to the root cel ar I knew they hadn’t real y.†In the dark, there was a short shake of curls and then a yawn. â€Å"If they were real y going to move it†¦they should have sent me away or something.† â€Å"Wel , maybe they were concerned for your life.† â€Å"Wha’?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Bonnie yawned again, not sure what he meant. â€Å"I mean, an old, old safe with a combination? I told them†¦that those old safes†¦could be†¦real y be†¦easy to†¦ to†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Bonnie let out a sound like a sigh and her voice stopped. â€Å"I’m glad we had this talk,†Damon murmured in the silence. There was no answer from the bed. Pul ing Bonnie’s sheet up as high as it would go, he let it drift down. It covered most of her face. â€Å"Requiescat in pace,†Damon said softly. Then he left her room, not forgetting to take the mug. Now†¦ â€Å"him chained and going down to the root cellar.† Damon mused as he washed out the mug careful y and put it back in the cupboard. The line sounded strange but he had almost al the links now, and it was actual y simple. Al he needed were twelve more of Mrs. Flowers’s sleeping cachets and two plates heaped with raw beef. He had al the ingredients†¦but he’d never heard of a root cel ar. Shortly thereafter, he opened the door to the basement. Nope. Didn’t match the criteria for â€Å"root cel ar†he’d looked up on his mobile. Irritated and knowing that any moment someone was likely to wander downstairs for something, Damon turned around in frustration. There was an elaborately carved wooden panel across from the basement, but nothing else. Curse it, he would not be thwarted at this point. He would have his life as a vampire back, or he didn’t want any life at al ! To punctuate the sentiment, he slammed a fist against the wooden panel in front of him. The knock sounded hollow. Immediately al frustration vanished. Damon examined the panel very careful y. Yes, there were hinges at the very edge, where no sane person would expect them. It wasn’t a panel but a door – undoubtedly to the root cel ar where the star bal was. It didn’t take long for his sensitive fingers – even his human fingers were more sensitive than most – to find a place that clicked – and then the whole door swung open. He could see the stairs. He tucked his parcel under one arm and descended. By the il umination of the smal flashlight he’d taken from the storage room, the root cel ar was just as described: a damp, earthy room to store fruit and vegetables before refrigerators had been invented. And the safe was just as Bonnie had said: an ancient, rusty combination safe, which any whiz cracker could have opened in about sixty seconds. It would take Damon about six minutes, with his stethoscope (he’d heard once that you could find anything in the boardinghouse if you looked hard enough and it seemed to be true) and every atom of his being concentrating on hearing the tumblers quietly click. First, however, there was the Beast to conquer. Saber the black hel hound had unfolded, awake and alert from the moment the secret door had opened. Undoubtedly, they had used Damon’s clothes to teach him to howl madly at his scent. But Damon had his own knowledge of herbs and had ransacked Mrs. Flowers’s kitchen to find a handful of witch hazel, a smal amount of strawberry wine, aniseed, some peppermint oil, and a few other essential oils she had in stock, sweet and sharp. Mixed, this created a pungent lotion, which he had gingerly applied to himself. You read "The Return: Midnight Chapter 7" in category "Essay examples" The concoction formed for Saber an impossible tangle of strong smel s. The only thing the now-sitting dog knew was that it was surely not Damon sitting on the steps and tossing him hearty bal s of hamburger and delicate strips of filet mignon – each of which he gulped down whole. Damon watched with interest as the animal devoured the mix of sleeping powder and raw meat, tail whisking on the floor. Ten minutes later Saber the hel hound was sprawled out happily unconscious. Six minutes after that, Damon was opening an iron door. One second later he was pul ing a pil owcase out of Mrs. Flowers’s antique safe. In the glow of the flashlight he found that he did indeed have a star bal , but that it was just a little more than half ful . Now what did that mean? There was a very neat hole dril ed and corked at the top so that not one precious droplet more need be wasted. But who had used the rest of the fluid – and why? Damon himself had seen the star bal brimful of opalescent, shimmering liquid just days ago. Somehow between that time and now someone had used about a hundred thousand individuals’life energy. Had the others tried to do some remarkable deed with it and failed, at the cost of burning so much Power? Stefan was too kind to have used so much, Damon was certain of that. But†¦ Sage. With an Imperial Summons in his hand, Sage was likely to do anything. So, sometime after the sphere had been brought into the boardinghouse, Sage had poured out almost exactly half the life force from the star bal and then, undoubtedly, left the rest behind for Mutt or someone to cork. And such a colossal amount of Power could only have been used for†¦opening the Gate to the Dark Dimensions. Very slowly, Damon let out his breath and smiled. There were only a few ways to get into the Dark Dimensions, and as a human he obviously could not drive to Arizona and pass through a public Gateway as he had the first time with the girls. But now he had something even better. A star bal to open his own private Gateway. He knew of no other way to cross, unless one was lucky enough to hold one of the almost-mythical Master Keys that al owed one to roam the dimensions at wil . Doubtless, someday in the future, in some nook, Mrs. Flowers would find another thank-you note: this time along with something that was literal y invaluable – something exquisite and priceless and probably from a dimension quite far from Earth. That was how Sage operated. All was quiet above. The humans were relying on their animal companions to keep them safe. Damon gave the root cel ar a single look around and saw nothing more than a dim room completely empty except for the safe, which he now closed. Dumping his own paraphernalia into the pil owcase, he patted Saber, who was gently snoring, and turned toward the steps. That was when he saw that a figure was standing in the doorway. The figure then stepped smoothly behind the door, but Damon had seen enough. In one hand the figure had been holding a fighting stave almost as tal as it was. Which meant that it was a hunter-slayer. Of vampires. Damon had met several hunter-slayers – briefly – in his time. They were, in his consideration, bigoted, unreasonable, and even more stupid than the average human, because they’d usual y been brought up on legends of vampires with fangs like tusks who ripped out the throats of their victims and kil ed them. Damon would be the first to admit that there were some vampires like that, but most were more restrained. Vampire hunters usual y worked in groups, but Damon had a hunch that this one would be alone. He now ascended the steps slowly. He was fairly certain of the identity of this hunter-slayer, but if he was wrong he was going to have to dodge a stave launched straight down at him like a javelin. No problem – if he were stil a vampire. Slightly more difficult, unarmed as he was and at a severe tactical disadvantage. He reached the top of the stairs unharmed. This was real y the most dangerous part of climbing steps, for a weapon of just the right length could send him crashing al the way back down. Of course a vampire wouldn’t be permanently injured by that, but – again – he was no longer a vampire. But the person in the kitchen al owed him to climb al the way out of the root cel ar unhindered. A kil er with honor. How sweet. He turned slowly to measure up his vampire hunter. He was immediately impressed. It wasn’t the obvious strength that al owed the hunter to be able to whip off a figure eight with the fighting stave that impressed him. It was the weapon itself. Perfectly balanced, it was meant to be held in the middle, and the designs picked out in jewels around the handhold showed that its creator had had excel ent taste. The ends showed that he or she had a sense of humor as wel . The two ends of the stave were made of ironwood for strength – but they were also decorated. In shape, they were made to resemble one of humankind’s oldest weapons, the flint-tipped spear. But there were tiny spikes extruding from each of these â€Å"spear flakes,†set firmly into the ironwood. These tiny spikes were of different materials: silver for werewolves, wood for vampires, white ash for Old Ones, iron for al eldritch creatures, and a few that Damon couldn’t quite work out. â€Å"They’re refil able,†the hunter-slayer explained. â€Å"Hypodermic needles inject on impact. And of course different poisons for different species – quick and simple for humans, wolfsbane for those naughty puppies, and so on. It real y is a jewel of a weapon. I wish I had found it before we met Klaus.† Then she seemed to shake herself back into reality. â€Å"So, Damon, what’s it going to be?†asked Meredith. How to cite The Return: Midnight Chapter 7, Essay examples

Logical Analysis on John Rawls’ a Theory of Justice Essay Sample free essay sample

John Rawls. utilizing Kantian reason. discusses ways to find rules of societal justness. He begins by doing a clear differentiation as to what defines the societal justness used in his statement – â€Å"the manner in which the major societal establishments distribute cardinal rights and responsibilities and find the division of advantages from societal cooperation† . Rawls so continues to present constructs such as the original place which pertains to the thought experiment he calls the head covering of ignorance – the original place is a conjectural province where members of society decide what the rules of justness are. To happen the original place. the members must utilize the head covering of ignorance in the sense of holding ignorance toward category. intelligence. strength. and things likewise. in order to forestall prejudice and in bend create a just pick. With this in head. Rawls sets forth to confute utilitarianism within justness. He claims that utilita rianism is unfair for it does non esteem the rights and autonomies of all persons – if bondage was good to the bulk. We will write a custom essay sample on Logical Analysis on John Rawls’ a Theory of Justice Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page utilizing utilitarianism logic. some would claim it is merely. Rawls argues for the equality of rights ; inequalities are justified merely if they benefit the society as a whole. He makes a cardinal differentiation between the benefit of the bulk. and the advantage of all. To get down his full thesis. I note Rawls’ absence of idealism ; he assumes people will desire confidences of others’ conformity. falling under the â€Å"assurance problem† . I besides note the overall optimistic. about naive. tone to Rawls’ statement. It is easy to speculate of a universe where true justness can predominate. nevertheless. in application. there are harsher worlds to face. How can societies chose leaders who are non capable to mere mortal corruptness? There are prejudices of category. intelligence. and things likewise that prevent an person. allow entirely an single power. from looking through the head covering of ignorance ; prevents him/her from being genuinely merely. Using penchant useful logic. the closest to true justness society may meet is the useful justness. Injustice is non preventable ; nevertheless. the benefit or the bulk is the closest accomplishable end to the advantage of all. When Rawls mentions the head covering of ignorance. he does so in the pretence of a thought experiment. It is non to be applied to a existent life scenario. Rawls’ statement is about specifying justness. non how it applies to the corruptness of world. Utilitarian may be the closest applicable signifier of justness. nevertheless. Rawls makes a point in confuting its unity as it embraces unfair actions. Simply because the bulk are able to profit. it does non warrant the errors to the minority. Rawls is for equity of all. It is non merely unless it is just for all.

A Walk in the Woods free essay sample

I thought there was something very honest, very human, in his sarcasm† (Jenna Baker, MST Publishing, 2011). Kirkus Review said, â€Å"†¦Bryson is a talented portraitist of place. He did his natural-history homework, which is to say he knows a jack-o-lantern mushroom from a hellbender salamander from a purple warty back mussel, and can also write seriously about the devastation of chestnut blight† (2004). Almost every review of this novel shows Bryson’s incredible duality of sarcasm and truth within the book. The humor he uses is a very bright sarcasm that includes with circumstantial evidence and intelligence. Method of Development: Because this book is an autobiography, the characters were all completely real and developed from Bill Bryson’s memories of the actual events that occurred in his story. As Bryson’s trek progresses, so does his sense of self. Bryson is transformed from a soft middle-ager to a serious hiker. Along the long Appalachian Trail that stretches from Georgia to Maine, Bill Bryson encounters several people (characters) along the way. We will write a custom essay sample on A Walk in the Woods or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An old school-friend of Bryson’s, Stephen Katz, joins Bryson for the trip. An out-of-shape and abrasive companion, Katz is also known for traveling with the author through Europe when they were in their early 20s, as documented in Bryson’s earlier book, Neither Here Nor There. Although Katz complains constantly and is often insufferable on the trail, his well-timed sarcastic commentary is often comedic gold. At other times he proves to be a sincere and loyal friend to Bryson. The first person the pair meet on the trail is Mary Ellen, an obnoxious Floridian who attaches herself to Bryson and Katz. After a few days, Bryson and Katz ditch her by hiking to a road and hitchhiking into town. The pair then meet â€Å"Chicken John† later on the trail, a man famous on the Appalachian Trail for his tendency to get lost, sometimes walking in the wrong direction for days at a time. Bryson is delighted to meet him on one of his day hikes near Dalton, where Chicken John reveals that his name is really Bernard. Analysis of Devices: Diction: Bryson does not use complex diction in this novel, because he wants to really make it understandable and relatable to almost anyone that picks the book up to read it. Although there may be some larger vocabulary words present in the writing, most of the words are smaller and more concise, used in everyday conversation like â€Å"remove†, â€Å"grinds†, â€Å"circumstances†, â€Å"depression†, and â€Å"frequently†. Some things key to the book are â€Å"denim-blue lakes†, â€Å"heavy green forests†, â€Å"compression straps†, etc. Bryson is very descriptive in his diction and syntax, which makes the writing very realistic for the reader. Point of View and Structure: In order for a reader to become interested in a novel, there must be a narrative hook portrayed by the author. Bryson begins the book with a flashback, quite nostalgic, about how he viewed the woods in his childhood backyard. The reader is ultimately hooked by this thought of wonder and unexplored territory to the narrator. This book becomes a narrative told from the point of Bill Bryson, because he is retelling the story, through chronological flashbacks, of what happened on his adventures on the Appalachian Trail. The set up of the book with informative facts at the beginning of most chapters and story form for the rest of the book adds to the interesting structure of a narrative to the reader. The readers generally prefer structure mainly because they are not thrown off from their train of thought while reading, if the book is well structured. As Aristotle once concluded, there are three different appeals that an author must touch on to grab his audience’s attention: ethos, pathos, and logos. To concur with the narration aspect of literary technique the narrator must establish common ground, and show that he is credible and good-natured to the reader, and only then can he begin with the narrative. Narrative structure is a key factor in this book to help Bryson get his overall purpose and message across to the reader(s). Tone: In this book, Bill Bryson uses four different tones in his writing: informative, pragmatic, humorous, and reflective. The informative tone is especially apparent in the beginning of every chapter, where there are multitudes of facts presented. For example, when Bryson provides us with the story of Earl V. Shaffer, â€Å"†¦who was the first man to walk the Appalachian Trail from end to end in a single summer† (Bryson, 38). Bryson shows us that he is very credible through demonstrating his knowledge on life in the woods and nature. The pragmatic or practical tone is apparent when Bryson is describing the improvisations and adaptations that he had to accommodate to when he experienced sudden changes in the woods. For example, during the snowstorm, they camped in a shelter with no front side and during the rainstorm they slept in their tents outdoors. All the compromises that Bryson had to make because of sudden changes contribute to his pragmatic tone whilst telling the story. Another main tone that Bryson uses is a humorous tone. All throughout the book, Bryson and Katz are cracking jokes to keep themselves alert and entertained in the woods. Also, the people they meet along the trail and highways are humorous people, such as Darren and Donna in the car, Mary Ellen, and the Boy Scout troop. Lastly, I believe that there is a reflective tone seen in the book. Once Bryson and Katz go their separate ways at Front Royal, the book takes on a reflective tone through Bryson’s eyes regarding life on the trail without Katz by his side. Four Influential Points in the Author’s Life: 1. Dropping out of college: Bill Bryson was educated at Drake University but dropped out in 1972, deciding to instead backpack around Europe for four months. He returned to Europe the following year with a high school friend, Stephen Katz, who later ended up hiking the Appalachian Trail with Bill. Some of his experiences from this trip are relived as flashbacks in Neither Here Nor There: Travels in Europe, which documents a similar journey Bryson made twenty years later. 2. Move to the UK: Bryson decided to stay in England after landing a job working in a psychiatric hospital—the now defunct Holloway Sanatorium in Virginia Water, Surrey. He met a nurse there named Cynthia, whom he married, and they moved to the USA in 1975 so Bryson could complete his college degree. In 1977, they settled in the UK, where they remained until 1995. Living in North Yorkshire and mainly working as a journalist, Bryson eventually became chief copy editor of the business section of The Times, and then deputy national news editor of the business section of The Independent. 3. Chancellor Appointment: In 2005, Bryson was appointed Chancellor of Durham University, succeeding the late Sir Peter Ustinov, and has been particularly active with student activities, even appearing in a Durham student film (the sequel to The Assassinator) and promoting litter picks in the city. He had praised Durham as a perfect little city in Notes from a Small Island. He has also been awarded honorary degrees by numerous universities, including Bournemouth University and in April 2002 the Open University. 4. President: In May 2007, he became the President of the Campaign to Protect Rural England. His first area focus in this role was the establishment of an anti-littering campaign across England. He discussed the future of the countryside with Richard Mabey, Sue Clifford, Nicholas Crane and Richard Girling at CPREs Volunteer Conference in November 2007. Significant Quote with Explanation: â€Å"The American woods have been unnerving people for 300 years. The inestimably priggish and tiresome Henry David Thoreau thought nature was splendid, splendid indeed, so long as he could stroll to town for cakes and barley wine, but when he experienced real wilderness, on a visit to Katahdin in 1846, he was unnerved to the core. This wasnt the tame world of overgrown orchards and sun-dappled paths that passed for wilderness in suburban Concord, Massachusetts† (Bryson, 25). This quote from the book demonstrates foreshadowing. Through Henry David Thoreau, Bryson essentially describes himself. Thoreau thought â€Å"nature was splendid† until â€Å"he was unnerved to the core† when he truthfully and actually experienced it for himself. Bryson went through the same process and was equally shaken by his discovery. I like the way Bryson worded this quote. Instead of actually coming out and directly saying that he himself was shaken by his discovery of the harsh nature of the outdoors, he indirectly implied it through another source. Critique: As I read, what really won me over was not the actual events, but Brysons writing style. Much of the book uses such a conversational tone that the inclusion of history and factual information doesnt disrupt the narrative structure much. His humor manages to shine through at just the right moment. A lot of reviewers felt the author was a jerk who mocks many of the people and situations he encounters, but I thought there was something very honest, very human, in his sarcasm. A lot of his thoughts and actions werent exactly admirable, but I cant say that I wouldnt have done the same thing in certain situations while under such stress. I am definitely guilty of having the same dry humor he exhibits. Maybe this is why I felt more of a connection. There is a lot more to the story than what Ive written about here, but I dont want to give much away. I think you know if this is a type of work youll be interested in reading, and I want to make sure that people are able to go in as fresh as possible. I didnt know anything about this book when I started, and that only added to the enjoyment. A Walk in the Woods was definitely a good introduction to Brysons work. While I dont think I will ever take on such an extreme endeavor in my lifetime, I have definitely regained an interest in day hiking. I dont have the time, stamina, or perseverance to hike something as enormous as the Appalachian Trail, but I do enjoy nature and being outdoors. Hopefully, I can start planning more trips to the trails now that spring has arrived, and the weather has improved. I would recommend reading this book if you are looking for a way to learn more about one of natures splendid creations in a down-to-earth, honest travel memoir format.

Free Essays on Cogito Ergo Sum

â€Å"Cogito Ergo Sum† â€Å"Then the Lord God formed man of the dust from the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being† (Genesis 2:7). The Bible states the above as the moment man became a being, and from this being civilization was created. To a believer, this would answer the question of what a human is. However, as science has progressed and more abstract ideology has fallen upon the human race, this question has come to have many answers. I feel that the definition of the term human can be correct in many different ways. As a scientific definition one could say a human is a bipedal homo sapien sapien with a spine that attached to the bottom of the skull. As a Theologist a human is all the trials and tribulations that we read about in the Bible. To me both of these definitions are true, but the challenge is finding one definition that spans across all ideology. After much thought and distress I have concluded that to be human, to be a person, is merely to exist. I agree with the statement â€Å"cogito ergo sum,† or I think therefore I am. If all you can prove without doubt is that, to exist is to thin! k, then that is our definition. In this paper I will explain and analyze Gregersen’s â€Å"seven features of human personhood,† and refute all of his points to prove my own. Gregersen’s seven features are as follows: to be a person is to be labeled with â€Å"generic characterization,† to be a person is to exercise rationale, to be a person is to hold fast to morals, to be a person is to have an identity, to be a person is to want to be part of a whole, to be a person is to be superior, and to be a person is to transcend preceding humans. These are the seven reasons and features Gregersen lists that define being a person or a human. His first point, that to be human is to have a generic character, is based on the writings of Cicero. To this reason, I say, that defin... Free Essays on Cogito Ergo Sum Free Essays on Cogito Ergo Sum â€Å"Cogito Ergo Sum† â€Å"Then the Lord God formed man of the dust from the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being† (Genesis 2:7). The Bible states the above as the moment man became a being, and from this being civilization was created. To a believer, this would answer the question of what a human is. However, as science has progressed and more abstract ideology has fallen upon the human race, this question has come to have many answers. I feel that the definition of the term human can be correct in many different ways. As a scientific definition one could say a human is a bipedal homo sapien sapien with a spine that attached to the bottom of the skull. As a Theologist a human is all the trials and tribulations that we read about in the Bible. To me both of these definitions are true, but the challenge is finding one definition that spans across all ideology. After much thought and distress I have concluded that to be human, to be a person, is merely to exist. I agree with the statement â€Å"cogito ergo sum,† or I think therefore I am. If all you can prove without doubt is that, to exist is to thin! k, then that is our definition. In this paper I will explain and analyze Gregersen’s â€Å"seven features of human personhood,† and refute all of his points to prove my own. Gregersen’s seven features are as follows: to be a person is to be labeled with â€Å"generic characterization,† to be a person is to exercise rationale, to be a person is to hold fast to morals, to be a person is to have an identity, to be a person is to want to be part of a whole, to be a person is to be superior, and to be a person is to transcend preceding humans. These are the seven reasons and features Gregersen lists that define being a person or a human. His first point, that to be human is to have a generic character, is based on the writings of Cicero. To this reason, I say, that defin...

Hypervisor Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Hypervisor - Term Paper Example The server virtualization also allows the organizations to run different software applications on diverse operating system to fully utilize system resources of a single physical machine. The operating system can run in isolation and / or side by side on the same physical machine. Each virtual machine (operating system) has its own allocated virtual hardware (e.g. Random Access Memory, Central Processing Unit, NIC, etc.) to load one operating system along with software applications. It is vital to state that the operating system uses the allocated virtual hardware resources, consistently and usually regardless of the actual physical hardware components (Bento, 2012). Advantages of Hypervisor Several advantages can be availed by an organization utilizing the technology of server virtualization. The server virtualization facilitates the organizations to combine the workloads of the underutilized server machines onto a smaller number of fully utilized machines. Keeping in view the fact o f utilizing comparatively less number of servers for the multiple operating systems and software applications to manage the workload, it can be stated that the server virtualization can be cost effective for the organizations. ... The utilization of hypervisor in the hardware infrastructure of an enterprise provides features of securely splitting each virtual machine / operating system and supports the legacy software systems as well as new software applications on the same server (Shavit, 2008). Disadvantages of Hypervisor for an Organization For every advantage there exist one or several disadvantages, therefore, the hypervisor has disadvantages as well. Comparatively, one of the main disadvantages of utilizing the native hypervisor is that the hypervisor reduces the performance of the operating system as well as the installed applications run slowly. While using the host hypervisor limits the enterprise to install the operating systems as per the limitations of the host operating system. The disadvantages of utilizing hypervisor in the enterprises include but are not limited to the requirements of servers with high specifications (i-e Randon Acess Memory, Central Processing Unit etc.), it requires additiona l hardware components and difficult to use console interface. The type two (2) or host hypervisors lead to the loss of centralized management, it has lower density and therefore, it becomes difficult to install many virtual machines of the first type. The organizations have to suffer with less security while utilizing the host hypervisors. It is pertinent to mention here that there are few operating systems cannot be installed simultaneously utilizing the hypervisors. The hypervisor technology only supports the Intel operating systems, whereas, the type 1 or native hypervisor does not support Solaris SPARC, AIX, HPUX, and the high-End UNIX systems. Introduction to

Embracing Cash Flow Ratios for predicting financial future Dissertation

Embracing Cash Flow Ratios for predicting financial future - Dissertation Example Acknowledgments I wish to forward my appreciation for the support, guidance, comments to my respected Supervisor, Supervisor’s name here, for his/her dedicated supervision towards this piece of work. Further, I am greatly thankful to the numerous colleagues; and friends whose work greatly facilitate me to comprehend the main theme of this research work. Financial ratios have failed to accurately predict the financial position of companies. Despite their widespread use in the financial world, the constant occurrence of business bankruptcies seriously highlights the inherent weaknesses of these ratios. Beyond any doubt, due to these shortcomings in these ratios, predicting successful or failed businesses have become a necessity; this necessity can be properly filled up if the use of cash flow ratios is adopted as these ratios do not take into account the subjective measures and depreciation. The fundamental difference offered by the cash flow ratios emanates from their cash basi s procedure rather than accrual basis. Cash flows have become a significant part towards performance and position evaluation of a company’s yearly performance. And, in this regard, Rose et al., (2007) contend that the cash flow information facilitates to the users of financial statements in a way to receive the related financial information relating to the source and use of particularly the entire financial resources over a particular time period. And that financial information is classified into the different segments of cash flow ratios statement such as operating, investing and financial activities (Macve, 1997). However, cash flow ratios have not been in use as the other financial ratios such as liquidity, investors, and so on. Thereby, technical and investment fund managers and analysts have been using these measures to determine and evaluate performance and position of companies. Despite their wide spread use for the purpose of evaluation, these financial ratios have be en unable to timely identify the possible presence of shortcomings in the strategic and operational policies of the companies. In this regard, Albrecht (2003) argues that these forms of ratios are inherently affected by the fundamental weaknesses of ‘accrual based accounting.’ Purpose of the study (problems with other ratios)

Principles of Organization and Management Essay

Principles of Organization and Management - Essay Example They have nearly 523 branches spread all across the world. ASDA recently purchased the famous Netto stores for ?778 million, with the sole aim of gaining an upper hand in the UK retail industry. ASDA has faced several problems in the past, to the level of collecting money from various sources including their shareholders to avoid bankruptcy in 1991 and 1993. It has emerged out successfully through various leaps and bounces in the past under the guidance of great leaders like Norman Archie. ASDA’s revival using various principles of organization and management under the leadership of Norman had been studied by various experts all over the world. The paper explores the various strategies used by ASDA to overcome the cultural and economic barriers it faced during its grim past. It also lists the new set of challenges the new COO has to face in today’s highly competitive market and analyzes the scope for ASDA to overcome the new set of challenges. Literary Review ASDA was a t the brim of declaring bankruptcy when Norman Archie came into ASDA as the only applicant for the CEO position of the company. He used various strategies to ensure the company became a successful leader in the retail sector. Within a short span of time, he was able to transform a company at the brink of closing, into a highly successful one. Norman used three strategies reengineering, rewarding and doing it within a given time frame to achieve this impossible feat. Reengineering a company is no easy task. It is simply not enough to patch up the mistakes. The basic structure has to be changed completely by questioning the long time procedures (Hammer & Champy, 1993). Norman did exactly the same to ASDA. The company was highly hierarchical and the upper management used very traditional ways of management. Most of the well paid senior officers were very bureaucratic, preventing any productive changes. He simply did not go about doing the same mistakes other CEO's did. He challenged th e basic structure the company was working. He made every employee in the organization share the vision for reviving ASDA. He never stopped recruitment, treated the low level employees with respect and found out what exactly was lacking in the company. â€Å"The new view is that marketing is the science and art of finding, retaining and growing profitable customers (Kotler , 2008).† Norman reinvented the marketing strategies to increase sales. He understood the core problem in ASDA was it was trying to sell too many things without focus. He streamlined the importance to food and clothing products. His new Spice Girls branded items and marketing during the 1997 Christmas did the much expected trick, increasing their sales considerably. Time is the basic essence. It is an important variable in formulating any strategy and implementing it (Tony Morden). Norman was very clear about what he wanted to achieve at what time interval. Any company would be able to prove its mettle in th e long run. But, its real capability can be measured only when the target is achieved in a given time even under huge pressure. Norman made this magic happen in three short years starting from 1996 – 1999 quite swiftly. "You get more of the behaviour you reward. You don't get what you hope for, ask for, wish for or beg for. You get what you reward." Michael le Boeuf Norman made it a point to involve everyone in the process of reengineering and rewarded each and every behaviour he found useful or appreciable. The employees felt the

Risk of Lung Cancer Among Chromium Workers

Risk of Lung Cancer Among Chromium Workers 2. Literature Review: For the pursuance of our study, we conducted an extensive literature review in order to gather related information so that it may be helpful for us to understand the various aspects of this subject. Moreover, this was done in hopes that it would provide us the evidences about the views and findings of other scientists who are divulging assiduously in this field of research as well. 2.1. Human Health and Trace Elements: It has been reported in various studies that metals and their compounds have enormous impact on health of an organism. Since they are ubiquitously present in our environment, exposure to these elements is tenacious and it cannot be precluded. All metals are not carcinogenic and their concentration, oxidation state, synergistic effect, and the response of organisms’s body to its environment contribute greatly to the etiology of cancer. The combination of any of these two factors put the organism in danger in a way that it builds oxidative stress, creates hormonal imbalance, changes the order of chemical reaction, controls the rate of metabolism, alters the oxidation reduction process, and influences the biochemistry of metabolites etc. For instance, there are some chemicals already present in the environment that can act as an either impersonator of hormones or growth factors, or affect the rate of chemical reactions exhibited by these hormones. These actions of environmental c hemicals may be responsible for disrupting the chemical process and could affect the delicate balance that controls cell division. For example, some breast tumors depend on estrogen for their development and growth, and chemicals that impersonate the effect of estrogen may engage in supporting the growth of estrogen-dependent breast tumors (111). In a study, it has been pointed out that there is an association between chromium and carcinogens; a high incidence of lung cancer has been demonstrated as an occupational disease among workers engaged in the chromate production process in Germany and the United States. The risk of lung cancer among chromium workers compared to an ordinary population is very high. The lung cancer prevalence rate 100,000 versus 578, and the relative risk from the standpoint of lung cancer deaths has reached from 3.6 to 29.1. Histopathologically, the most common chromium related lung cancer is squamous cell carcinoma and small cell cancer (112). 2.1.1. Trace Metals Implicate Malignancy: It has been recorded that nearly one in two men and more than one in three women in the United States is diagnosed with cancer at some point in his or her lifetime. Cancer is the foremost cause of death for individuals under age 85 as reported by statistical data reports in America. It is evident that the exposure to these metals remains the single most significant preventable cause of cancer. The development of cancer depends on combination of various factors including diet, genetics and the way an organism is exposed to a particular carcinogen. However, the type of cancer is reliant on the kind of toxicant in the environment. For instance metals such as arsenic, chromium, and motor vehicle exhaust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are associated with bladder, lung and skin cancer. On the other hand, pesticide exposure enhances the risk of brain tumor, Wilms tumor, leukemia, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (113). Furthermore, it has also been reported that there are various trace elements such as zinc, molybdenum, silicon, chromium, selenium, vanadium, and copper that behave as instigators or the inhibitor agents of cancer. Nevertheless, it may be possible to draw inferences on the basis of their concentration levels in the body of organism as diagnostic or prognostic abets for cancer patients (114). Moreover, it could be plausible that the ratio of trace elements t hat exists in the blood of healthy human beings gets disturbed due to the onset of the disease, or by the exposure to toxicants, can create an atmosphere that could be favorable for implicating the malignancy. 2.2. Susceptibility of Cancer Contingent to Gender and Age: The most important and inevitable determining factor for susceptibility to cancer is age. However, there is little evidence that the aging process per se increases susceptibility to cancer. To a certain extent, age provides the time essential for the accumulation of cellular events required for the development of neoplasia (115). For example, in a study it was discussed that the GSTT1 genotype, and perhaps also the GSTM1 genotype for which a similar, but non-significant effect was seen, might be the age influencing the onset of colorectal cancer (116). In a study, cancer and mortality rates among a variety of cancer [patients] was investigated. In addition, the impact of particular age on the rate of occurrence of cancer was investigated. However, it was assumed that the cancer contributing factors would remain consistent over the definite period of time. It was observed that certain types of cancers, including lung cancer, had an equivalent rate of occurrence for both genders. Moreover, various types of cancer including, prostate cancer for men and breast cancer for women, present a reasonable association with the original hypothesis (117). A study was conducted at Harvard University and it was found that cancer is not inexorable at advanced age, but rather reaches a maximum cumulative probability of affliction with any cancer of about 70% for men and 53% for women in the US, and much smaller values for individual cancers (118). Age and gender also impart differences in susceptibility, whereas immune suppression or inadequate nutrition may also increase susceptibility of cancer (119). 2.3. Chromium as an Etiological Agent for Cancer: There is a large body of literature on the role of trace elements in the development of cancer that has been reviewed. Generally it is focused on the chromium exposure in relation to the risk of cancer. Over the past few decades, a number of researchers have attempted to estimate the proportion of cancer cases or deaths due to environmental and occupational exposures to chromium. Despite their well intentioned efforts, the net conclusion was that the cancers embark through a complicated interconnection of multiple causes. On the other hand, scientific research has also been explicated that avertable environmental and occupational exposures are fueling excess cancer cases and deaths (120-122). Cancer, in general, results from interactions between environmental exposures and genetics. Genetic factors alone may account for not more than 5% of cancers (123). Despite the fact that genetics alone does not account for most cancers, cancer is essentially a genetic disease, in terms that envi ronmental agents or viruses can alter the genes regulating cell division. Several studies of the chrome-plating industry have demonstrated a positive relationship between cancer and exposure to chromium compounds (124). Evidence has been presented demonstrating the mutagenic capacity of a number of hexavalent chromium compounds in vitro and in vivo (125). Chromium (III) is recognized as a trace element that is essential to both humans and animals. Occupational exposure to chromium (VI)-containing compounds is known to induce lung toxicity and increases the incidence of respiratory-system cancers (126-127). The National Toxicology Program has published a list of harmful toxicants, and carcinogens (128). The numerous listed chemicals are actually of chemical mixtures such as tobacco smoke and alcoholic beverages. Others include metals such as arsenic, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, and thorium known as carcinogens, and beryllium, lead, and nickel, as probable carcinogens. However, it appears that some physiologic mechanisms by which the effects of pro-oxidant metals and organic toxicants are mutually abrogated at the molecular level. Our understanding of the metal–organic toxicant interactions has signià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cantly advanced because of the recent elucidation of several intracellular stress–response signaling pathways and the points of cross-talk among them (129). By the 1980s, considerable evidence had accumulated on cancer risks of chromium-exposed workers, which led to the identification of chromium (VI) compounds as a human carcinogen (130). The strongest evidence presented at that time was mainly

Marvell Vs Herrick Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the 17th century the style of writing was changing from poems about death to ones whose subject was about living life to it’s fullest extent. This kind of writing was also known as carpe diem. Robert Herrick and Andrew Marvell were two of the first carpe diem poets. Although their styles were similar their subjects differed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Both Marvell and Herrick used metaphors in their writing. In To His Coy Mistress, Marvell writes, â€Å"Had we but world enough, and time, This coyness lady were no crime,†(414). This is a metaphor saying that if they had all the time in the world to spend together that he would not be so worried about getting married right away. Herrick says in To the Virgins to Make Much of Time, â€Å"And this same flower that smiles today Tomorrow will be dying,†(416). This means that whatever man likes a girl today, tomorrow may like somebody else. Both Marvell and Herrick’s poems are in the form of an argument, they are trying to convince the young women in the poems to forget their morals and live life like it should be lived. Both poets also used personification in their writing. Marvell personifies youth by comparing it to a drop of dew, â€Å"Now therefore, while the youthful hew sit on thy skin like morning dew,†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (415). Here he is sayi ng that like dew youth does not stay around forever. In Herrick’s poem he gives the sun life-like qualities in the line, â€Å"The glorious lamp of heaven, the sun, The higher he’...